Can hookworms kill a dog?

Hookworms are tiny parasites that can sneak into a dog’s system without much fanfare, but their impact can be far from minor. These pests latch onto the intestinal walls, feeding on blood and nutrients, and over time, that steady drain takes a toll. For puppies, senior dogs, or those with weakened immune systems, the risk jumps dramatically. A heavy infestation can lead to severe anemia, where the blood can’t carry enough oxygen to vital organs. Left untreated, that kind of damage can be fatal.

Veterinarians across Europe and North America see cases every year where hookworms tip the scales against a dog’s health. In places like the southern U.S., where warm, moist soil lingers longer, the larvae thrive—meaning dogs that spend time outdoors are at higher risk. Even a quick romp in a park or backyard where infected feces once lay can expose them; the larvae burrow through the skin or get ingested when the dog grooms itself.

Recognizing the signs early is key. Dogs with hookworms might seem lethargic, lose weight despite eating normally, or have diarrhea that’s dark and tarry—signs of internal bleeding. Puppies, in particular, can decline rapidly. Their small bodies can’t tolerate the blood loss as well, and without prompt treatment, the outcome can be tragic. That’s why regular fecal tests at the vet are non-negotiable, especially for young dogs or those with access to shared outdoor spaces.

Treatment is straightforward, but prevention matters more. Deworming medications prescribed by a vet can clear up an infestation, but stopping it before it starts is smarter. Keep your yard clean of feces—many local ordinances require prompt pickup, and for good reason: it cuts down on parasite spread. Avoid letting your dog drink from stagnant puddles or roam in areas known for stray animals, which are more likely to carry hookworms.

In many European countries and U.S. states, there are regulations around pet health that tie into parasite control. For example, some regions require proof of regular deworming for dogs in communal settings like dog parks or boarding facilities. Staying compliant isn’t just about following the rules—it’s about protecting your dog and others in the community.

Hookworms don’t have to be a death sentence. With vigilance, regular vet check-ups, and a little extra care in managing your dog’s environment, you can keep these parasites at bay. Your dog’s energy, appetite, and overall joy are worth the effort—and catching a hookworm problem early could save their life.