How do dogs get hookworms?

Most dogs pick up hookworms without their owners even noticing—often during a casual walk in the park or a romp in the backyard. The tiny larvae live in soil contaminated by infected dog feces, and they burrow right through a dog’s paw pads or belly skin when it lies on the ground. This is why even well-groomed pups in suburban neighborhoods aren’t safe, especially after rain, when moisture helps the larvae stay active longer.

Another common way is through ingestion. Puppies might lick their paws after stepping in infected dirt, or adult dogs could snack on a rodent that carries hookworm larvae. Mother dogs can also pass the parasites to their puppies through their milk, which is why vets in places like California and Illinois often recommend deworming newborn litters as part of routine care—this isn’t just good practice, it’s sometimes required by local pet health laws.

Even indoor dogs aren’t off the hook. If you track contaminated soil into the house on your shoes, your dog might sniff or lick the floor and pick up larvae. Some cases have been linked to potted plants, too—store-bought potting mix can sometimes contain traces of infected feces from stray animals. This is a big reminder to wipe your dog’s paws thoroughly after any outdoor time, even short trips to the mailbox.

Preventing hookworms isn’t just about keeping your dog healthy—it’s about following local regulations. Many U.S. cities and European countries mandate regular deworming for dogs, and failing to comply can lead to fines. For example, in parts of Florida, dog owners must provide proof of deworming when renewing pet licenses. Your vet can help you stick to a schedule that meets both health needs and legal requirements.

If you suspect your dog has hookworms—signs include diarrhea, weight loss, or pale gums—don’t wait to act. Left untreated, hookworms can cause severe anemia, especially in small puppies. Most treatments are simple oral medications, but catching the problem early means less discomfort for your pet and avoids potential legal issues if your dog spreads the parasites to other animals.

Taking small, consistent steps goes a long way. Clean up your dog’s feces immediately, keep your yard free of standing water, and schedule regular vet checkups. By staying on top of prevention and following local laws, you’ll keep your dog happy, healthy, and compliant—all while keeping your community’s soil safe for other pets too.