How to check dog health?

As a dog owner, you know your pup better than anyone—their quirky morning zoomies, how they beg for treats, even the way they curl up on the couch. That familiarity isn’t just heartwarming; it’s your first line of defense when it comes to spotting health issues early. Knowing how to check in on their well-being doesn’t require a medical degree, just a little attention to the small, everyday details that can signal when something’s off.​

Start with what’s normal for them. A sudden drop in energy—like skipping their usual walk or napping more than usual—might mean something’s wrong, especially if it lasts more than a day. The same goes for appetite: if they turn up their nose at their favorite food, or scarf down meals ravenously when they’re usually picky, it’s worth noting. Even changes in how they interact—snapping when they’re normally gentle, or clinging more than usual—can be clues. These shifts are easy to brush off as “just a mood,” but they’re often the first signs that your dog isn’t feeling their best.​

Beyond their energy levels, taking a moment to look over their physical condition can catch issues early. Run your hands gently over their body during belly rubs—you’ll notice lumps, bumps, or tender spots you might miss otherwise. Their coat tells a story too: dull, patchy fur or excessive shedding (outside of seasonal changes) could point to allergies, nutrient gaps, or thyroid issues. Check their eyes—they should be clear, bright, and free of discharge. Cloudiness or redness, especially paired with squinting, might mean an infection or something more serious.​

Don’t forget the parts that get overlooked in daily cuddles. Ears should smell clean, not yeasty or sour, and the inside should be pale pink, not red or swollen. A quick peek at their teeth during treat time can reveal tartar buildup or broken teeth—both of which can lead to pain or infections. Even their paws need a once-over: cracked pads, thorns stuck between toes, or excessive licking of a paw could signal discomfort.​

Their bathroom habits are another window into their health. Urine that’s darker than usual, or straining to pee, might indicate a bladder issue. For stool, consistency matters—diarrhea or hard, dry pellets that stick to their fur can be signs of digestive trouble. If you notice blood or mucus, it’s time to call the vet, even if they seem otherwise fine.​

Of course, daily checks work best alongside regular visits to the vet. Many regions require annual wellness exams, and for good reason—vets can spot early signs of conditions like diabetes or joint issues that aren’t obvious to the untrained eye. They’ll also make sure your dog is up to date on vaccines and preventatives, which isn’t just good for their health, but often a legal requirement in many areas.​

Paying attention to these little things does more than keep your dog healthy—it deepens the bond you share. When you tune into their habits and body language, you’ll feel more connected to what they’re feeling, and catch problems before they become big ones. After all, a happy dog is a healthy dog—and noticing the small changes is how you keep them that way.