How to check if a dog is pregnant?

Discovering your female dog might be pregnant can feel like a whirlwind of emotions—excitement, worry, and a whole lot of curiosity. But before you start planning for a litter of adorable puppies, you need to know for sure. While a vet’s diagnosis is the gold standard, there are plenty of signs you can watch for at home to get a head start on understanding your dog’s condition.​

In the early weeks, subtle changes start to appear. Around 2 - 3 weeks after mating, some dogs may experience morning sickness - like symptoms. You might notice her losing her appetite or vomiting occasionally. It’s easy to brush this off as a passing stomach bug, but if she’s been around intact males recently, it could be an early pregnancy clue. Just like with human moms - to - be, every dog reacts differently, so don’t panic if these symptoms don’t show up.​

As the pregnancy progresses, physical changes become more obvious. By week 4 or 5, her nipples will start to darken and swell. You might even see a bit of milk production in the later stages. Her belly will gradually expand, but don’t rely on this alone—weight gain can also be due to diet changes or other health issues. In some regions, animal welfare regulations require responsible breeding practices, so it’s important to confirm pregnancy before making any assumptions.​

Behavioral shifts can also signal pregnancy. Your usually independent pooch might suddenly become clingy, seeking more affection and attention. She may start nesting, rearranging blankets or digging in her bed as if preparing a safe space for her future pups. On the flip side, some dogs get more irritable and protective. Paying attention to these personality changes helps you create a comfortable environment for your expectant dog.​

While home observations are helpful, nothing beats professional confirmation. Most vets recommend an ultrasound around 25 - 35 days into the pregnancy. This non - invasive test can detect fetal heartbeats and give you an accurate count of how many puppies to expect. Later in the pregnancy, usually around 45 days, an X - ray can show the number of fully - formed skeletons. Keep in mind that local laws may regulate when and how breeding animals are examined, so schedule vet visits accordingly.​

If you suspect pregnancy but aren’t ready for a litter, don’t wait. Many areas have resources for responsible pet ownership, including options for safe pregnancy termination in line with ethical and legal standards. Early intervention can spare your dog potential health risks and prevent an unplanned litter from entering shelters.​

Preparing for a new litter is a big commitment. Once you’ve confirmed pregnancy, focus on providing a balanced diet rich in nutrients, like high - quality puppy food. Create a quiet, warm whelping area away from noise and drafts. And most importantly, stay in close touch with your vet throughout the pregnancy. With the right care and knowledge, you’ll be welcoming healthy puppies into the world in no time.