How to diagnose hip dysplasia in dogs?

Hip dysplasia in dogs often starts subtle, but catching it early can make a world of difference for your pup’s comfort. Watch for signs like hesitation to climb stairs, a swaying gait after exercise, or stiffness when getting up from a nap—these aren’t just signs of old age, even in younger dogs. Large breeds like German Shepherds and Labradors are more prone, but small breeds aren’t immune, so stay alert no matter your dog’s size.

If you notice these clues, don’t wait to act. A vet visit is key, and in many European countries, regular check-ups for at-risk breeds are encouraged by animal welfare guidelines. Your vet might start with a physical exam, feeling for looseness in the hip joints or pain when moving the legs. These hands-on tests can give the first hints that something’s wrong.

Imaging tests are usually next to confirm hip dysplasia. X-rays are the most common—they show the shape of the hip sockets and how well the thigh bones fit into them. In severe cases, you might see gaps where the bones should fit snugly, or signs of arthritis from years of rubbing. Some vets use special positioning, like the PennHIP method, to get more detailed measurements, especially for puppies as young as 16 weeks.

Genetics play a big role, so knowing your dog’s lineage can help. Many kennel clubs in the U.S. and Europe recommend hip scoring for breeding dogs to reduce the risk, and reputable breeders will share these scores with buyers. If you adopted a mixed breed, don’t skip checks—unknown heritage doesn’t mean no risk.

Early diagnosis isn’t just about treatment; it’s about following local laws too. In places like Germany, owners must provide proper care for dogs with chronic conditions, which includes managing hip dysplasia. Neglecting treatment could lead to legal issues, not to mention unnecessary suffering for your pet.

Once diagnosed, options range from weight management and physical therapy to surgery, depending on severity. The goal is to keep your dog active and pain-free. Remember, every dog is different—what works for one might not for another, so work closely with your vet to find the best plan.

Catching hip dysplasia early turns a potentially disabling condition into a manageable one. Keep an eye on those daily movements, stay up to date on vet visits, and you’ll give your dog the best chance at a long, happy life—while staying on the right side of the law.