How to socialize a puppy with people in the house

You’ve waited weeks for your new puppy—so why does he dart under the dining table when your sister stops by? Many new U.S. dog owners underestimate how crucial in-home socialization is: it’s how your pup learns that people coming through your front door aren’t a threat, but potential friends. Behaviorists call this “habituation,” and the sweet spot for it is 3 to 16 weeks old—miss this window, and you might end up with a dog who barks nonstop at delivery drivers or freezes around strangers.

Start with your household first. Have everyone in your home practice gentle interactions: kids can offer a small treat (like a piece of plain chicken) with an open palm, and adults can avoid leaning over the puppy—towering over them feels scary! Once he’s comfy with family, invite a trusted friend who’s used to dogs. Ask them to sit quietly on the couch and let the puppy approach—never push the interaction. If your pup sniffs their hand and wags his tail, cheer him on (“What a brave boy!”). For apartment dwellers, this is a game-changer: it teaches your pup that hallway noises and guests at the building door don’t mean trouble.

Positive reinforcement is non-negotiable here. Yelling if he hides or nips (a common teething habit) will only make him more anxious, and physical punishment isn’t just cruel—it’s against animal welfare norms across Europe and most U.S. states. Instead, if he seems nervous, toss a treat near the guest and let him come closer on his own. This builds trust way faster than forcing him to “say hello.”

Before any visitors arrive, confirm your puppy’s vaccines are up to date. Most U.S. counties require distemper and parvovirus shots by 4 months old, and unvaccinated puppies are vulnerable to deadly diseases. Also, keep poop bags handy—if your pup has an accident during a visit, cleaning it up right away isn’t just polite; in shared spaces like apartment lobbies, leaving messes is often illegal.

Finally, connect in-home practice to the real world. Once he’s relaxed with guests, take short walks around your neighborhood and let him meet friendly neighbors (always ask permission first!). Remember: slow and steady wins the race. Even 15 minutes of calm interaction a day will turn your skittish pup into one who greets the plumber or your niece with a wagging tail.