How to tell if a dog got heat stroke

I was at a Florida park last August when I noticed a woman frantically waving for help—her 3-year-old Golden Retriever, Daisy, was lying on the asphalt, panting so hard her tongue hung like a limp, wet rag, and she couldn’t stand up when called. “I thought she just needed water!” the woman said, tears in her eyes. If you’re a new U.S. dog owner, especially in hot states like Texas or Arizona, knowing how to tell if your pup has heat stroke can mean the difference between a scare and a tragedy. Heat stroke signs aren’t always obvious, but once you know what to look for, you can act fast to save your dog.

To spot heat stroke, first understand why dogs are so vulnerable: Unlike humans, who sweat through skin, dogs cool down almost entirely by panting—releasing heat through their mouths and noses. When the air is too hot (over 85°F, especially with humidity) or they’re overexerted, their bodies can’t shed heat fast enough. Their normal temperature is 101–102.5°F; heat stroke starts when it climbs to 103°F or higher. The longer it stays elevated, the more damage it does to organs like the brain, kidneys, and heart. Daisy’s temperature was 104°F when a vet tech nearby checked it—her body was already struggling to regulate itself, which is why her symptoms were so severe.

Here’s how to recognize heat stroke in dogs, broken down into clear signs: Mild early signs are easy to miss but critical to catch: heavy, rapid panting (faster than normal even after play), excessive drooling (thick, ropey saliva), weakness or reluctance to walk, and ears/foot pads that feel hot to the touch. My neighbor’s Corgi, Max, showed these last summer—he stopped mid-walk, plopped down, and panted so hard his sides shook. Severe signs mean emergency care is needed immediately: seizures, vomiting (especially with blood), diarrhea, collapse, bright red or pale/blue gums, and unresponsiveness. Daisy had collapsed and was drooling blood—classic severe heat stroke. To confirm, use a digital thermometer (rectal, gently) if you have one, but don’t waste time if they show severe symptoms—head to the vet right away.

Once you suspect heat stroke, act fast: Move them to shade or AC (even a grocery store’s cool lobby works), wet their belly/armpits/paws with room-temperature water (ice water shocks their system), and offer small sips of cool water. Never scold your dog for slowing down or collapsing—they can’t tell you they’re overheating, and punishment violates U.S. animal welfare standards. For apartment living, keep blinds closed and use fans/AC on hot days; never leave your dog in a parked car (illegal in 29 U.S. states, with fines up to $1,000 in California). When walking, stick to mornings/evenings (avoid 10 a.m.–4 p.m.), carry a portable water bowl, and always bring extra poop bags (cities like Phoenix fine $200 for leaving messes). Some communities ban midday dog walks during heat advisories—check local rules to stay compliant.

Recognizing heat stroke is about paying attention to your dog’s “normal.” If Max suddenly stops chasing his ball or Daisy won’t eat her favorite treat on a hot day, trust your gut. A few minutes of vigilance can keep your pup safe all summer long.