How to tell if your dog has a sprain or fracture?

As dogs’ closest companions, every discomfort they feel will touch our hearts. When we find that our lively furry children suddenly limp or resist touching a limb one day, the worry is indescribable. Accurately judging whether a dog has a minor sprain or a serious fracture is not only related to timely treatment, but also the key to protecting their health and vitality. However, there are similarities in the initial symptoms of these two conditions, and we need professional knowledge and careful observation to clear the fog and find the root of the problem. ​

Starting from the dog’s behavior is an important way to initially judge the injury. When a dog is injured, pain will cause a significant change in their daily behavior. If there is a sudden unwillingness to move, frequent licking of a certain part, or whimpering, growling and other resistance reactions when a specific area is touched, it is a warning of physical abnormalities. A dog with a minor sprain may only limp occasionally during activities, which will be relieved after rest; while a dog with a fracture often has more obvious limb deformation, and may even be afraid to touch the ground, protecting the injured part in a curled or suspended posture. Some sensitive dogs may become depressed due to pain, no longer be interested in toys and snacks as usual, and may even avoid the owner's approach. These subtle changes are silently telling of their pain. ​

Observing the appearance characteristics of the injured limb can provide us with a more intuitive basis for judgment. Sprains are usually soft tissue injuries such as ligaments and muscles around the joints. The injured part may be red, swollen, and hot, but the bone structure remains basically normal. If you press gently with your hand, the dog will show pain, but the limb will not shake or dislocate abnormally. The situation of fractures is more serious. There may be obvious swelling and bruising at the fracture site, and even limb distortion caused by bone dislocation can be seen. In some open fractures, there may also be terrible scenes of wounds and exposed bones. This situation will not only cause great pain to the dog, but also the risk of infection. Emergency measures must be taken immediately.​

In addition to external manifestations, we can also use some simple tests to assist in judgment, but be sure to operate gently to avoid causing secondary injuries to the dog. Try to move the injured limb gently to feel its range of motion and resistance. If the dog is only slightly sprained, although there will be a pain reaction, the limb can still move to a certain extent; and when the dog with a fracture moves the limb, there may be an abnormal friction sensation (bone crepitus), which is caused by the friction between the broken bones, and the dog will struggle violently and scream because of the severe pain. However, this test has certain risks. If it is not necessary, it is best to perform it under the guidance of a professional veterinarian to avoid aggravating the dog's injury. ​

It is worth noting that some hidden fractures or minor bone cracks may not have obvious symptoms in the early stage and are easily ignored by the owner. For example, for some incomplete fractures, the dog may still be able to walk with difficulty, but the gait is slightly stiff. There are also elderly dogs or dogs with osteoporosis, even a slight collision may cause fractures, and their reactions may not be as strong as those of young and healthy dogs. In this case, we cannot judge only by superficial phenomena. It is crucial to take the dog to the pet hospital for professional examination in time. Veterinarians usually use imaging examinations such as X-rays and CT scans to clearly observe the condition of the bones and make an accurate diagnosis. ​

Whether it is a sprain or a fracture, dogs need more care and love from their owners after being injured. When we find that the dog is abnormal, we can imagine our anxiety and worry, but keeping calm is the key at this time. Gently soothe the dog's emotions and provide it with a quiet and comfortable resting environment to prevent it from aggravating the injury due to excessive activity. During the medical treatment process, try to use a stable stretcher or box to transfer the dog to reduce the vibration of the injured part. In the subsequent treatment and rehabilitation process, strictly follow the veterinarian's advice, take medicine on time, check regularly, and use patience and companionship to help the dog through this difficult period. ​

Every dog ​​is an indispensable member of the family. They warm our lives with loyalty and love. When they are injured, we are their only support. Learning to accurately judge whether the dog is sprained or fractured is not only a responsibility, but also a manifestation of deep love for them. May every owner become the guardian of the dog's health, so that these lovely fur children can always run happily in the sun.