What are the spinal conditions in French bulldogs?

French bulldogs have that undeniable charm—those squishy faces, stocky bodies, and wiggly tails that make them a favorite in apartments and family homes across Europe and North America. But beneath that cute exterior, their unique build comes with a hidden risk: spinal conditions that can affect their quality of life if not noticed early. These little dogs are prone to back issues, and as owners, it’s our job to know what to look for, how to prevent problems, and when to get help.

One of the most common spinal issues in French bulldogs is intervertebral disc disease, where the discs between their vertebrae start to degenerate or bulge. This can press on nerves, causing pain, stiffness, or even difficulty walking. Then there’s spinal stenosis, a narrowing of the spinal canal that extrusion the spinal cord, often showing up as reluctance to jump onto couches or climb stairs—things many Frenchies love to do. I remember a rescue in London last year that took in a 3-year-old Frenchie named Pierre; he’d been struggling to stand after playtime, and scans revealed a narrowed spinal canal that needed careful management with physical therapy and weight control.

Much of this ties back to their breeding. Their short, compact spines—so adorable to look at—are a result of selective breeding, which can shorten the distance between vertebrae and increase pressure on the spine over time. But it’s not just genetics. Our daily habits play a role too. In cities like New York or Paris, where many Frenchies live in small spaces, owners might let them leap off beds or chase kids around the living room without thinking. Those quick, jerky movements can strain their backs, especially as they get older.

Across Europe and the U.S., laws are catching up to protect these breeds. In places like Germany, breed-specific health checks are required before breeding, including spinal screenings to reduce the risk of passing on these conditions. Even in areas without strict laws, responsible ownership means scheduling regular vet visits to check for early signs—like a sudden aversion to being petted along the back or a change in posture.

Preventing spinal issues often comes down to small, daily choices. Avoiding high-impact activities, using ramps instead of letting them jump onto furniture, and keeping them at a healthy weight can all reduce strain. It’s also worth noting that many local councils in the U.K. and states in the U.S. now require pet owners to provide "species-appropriate care," which for Frenchies means adapting their environment to support their spinal health. Ignoring these guidelines isn’t just bad for your dog—it could land you with fines or, in extreme cases, affect your ability to keep them.

Watching a French bulldog zoom around the park or curl up on your lap is one of life’s simple joys. By staying informed about their spinal health, adjusting our habits to keep them safe, and following local regulations that protect their well-being, we can help these quirky, loving dogs live long, comfortable lives. After all, a happy Frenchie is one with a healthy back—and a owner who’s paying attention.