What are the two most common mental illnesses in dogs?

Dogs, like humans, can struggle with invisible battles that affect their happiness and well-being. Sometimes, the restlessness, destruction, or withdrawal we notice isn’t just “bad behavior”—it might be a sign of deeper mental distress. Among the various challenges our canine companions face, two mental illnesses stand out as particularly prevalent, often slipping under the radar of even attentive owners.

Separation anxiety ranks high among the most common mental illnesses in dogs, and it’s easy to see why. In a world where many owners work long hours or have busy schedules, dogs left alone for extended periods can develop intense distress at the absence of their humans. You might come home to chewed furniture, puddles on the floor, or a dog that can’t settle, pacing and panting until you’re back. It’s not just about mischief—this is a panic response. What many owners don’t realize is that persistent vocalization during these episodes can sometimes run afoul of local noise ordinances, making it crucial to address not just for your dog’s sake, but to stay on the right side of community rules. Simple fixes like leaving a worn shirt with your scent or gradually increasing alone time can help, but severe cases often need guidance from a vet or animal behaviorist.

Phobias are the other major player in dog mental health struggles, with loud noises topping the list of triggers. Thunderstorms, fireworks, or even the sudden bark of a neighbor’s dog can send some dogs into a tailspin—trembling, hiding behind furniture, or even trying to dig through doors in a desperate bid to escape. These aren’t just “fears”; they’re intense, irrational reactions that leave dogs feeling trapped in their own stress. During holidays or stormy seasons, this becomes especially problematic. A panicked dog that bolts through an open door might end up wandering off-leash, which can violate local laws in many areas. Preparing a safe space with blankets and white noise, or working with a professional to desensitize them, can make a world of difference.

Recognizing these mental illnesses early is key, but it’s not always straightforward. A dog with separation anxiety might not act out every time you leave, and a noise phobia could only surface during specific events. That’s why paying attention to patterns matters—does your dog get worked up only when you grab your keys? Do they cower only when the sky rumbles? These clues help distinguish mental distress from occasional misbehavior. Punishing a dog for these reactions only makes things worse; instead, patience and understanding go much further.

Addressing these issues often starts with small, consistent steps. For separation anxiety, short absences paired with treats or puzzle toys can build confidence. For noise phobias, playing recorded sounds at low volumes and gradually increasing them—while offering praise—can reduce fear over time. It’s also wise to check in with your vet, as some cases might benefit from a combination of behavior modification and, in severe instances, medication. Remember, seeking help isn’t a failure; it’s part of being a responsible owner.

Our dogs rely on us to see beyond their actions and understand their needs. Whether it’s the panic of being left alone or the terror of a sudden noise, these mental illnesses are cries for comfort, not defiance. By staying alert to the signs, taking proactive steps, and respecting the rules that keep our communities safe, we can help our furry friends feel secure, calm, and loved—exactly how they deserve to feel.