what to give dogs for skin and coat

If you’ve stared at your dog’s dull, flaky coat or watched them scratch until their skin is raw, you’re probably wondering what you can feed or use to help. When my 3-year-old Husky, Koda, started losing patches of fur and developing dry, red skin last winter, I tried everything from fancy shampoos to supplements before realizing the solution started with his diet. For first-time U.S. dog owners, supporting a healthy skin and coat isn’t about quick fixes—it’s about providing nutrients that nourish from the inside out, paired with gentle external care.

A dog’s skin and coat health is a direct reflection of their diet. The two most critical nutrients are omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids—they strengthen the skin’s protective barrier, reduce inflammation (which causes itching), and add shine to fur. Koda was missing these: his kibble used cheap vegetable oils instead of quality fat sources. Protein is also key—amino acids like cysteine build keratin, the main component of fur. Without enough high-quality protein, coats become brittle and thin. External factors like dry apartment air or over-bathing can worsen issues, but fixing the diet is the first step.

Start with dietary changes: switch to a premium dog food where real meat (chicken, salmon, or lamb) is the first ingredient, and look for added omega fatty acids (from fish oil or flaxseed). For an extra boost, add 1–2 teaspoons of fish oil (specifically for dogs) to Koda’s meals—within a month, his fur was softer and his scratching decreased. Plain, unsweetened yogurt (with probiotics) also helps, as gut health is linked to skin health. Avoid feeding table scraps like onions or garlic—they’re toxic and can irritate skin. Externally, use a hypoallergenic, moisturizing shampoo (no human products!) and bathe only every 4–6 weeks—over-bathing strips natural oils. For apartment dogs, use a humidifier in dry winter months to add moisture to the air.

Never scold your dog for scratching—this violates U.S. animal welfare norms and increases stress, which worsens skin issues. Instead, redirect them with a toy and praise them for stopping. Stay compliant with local laws: Keep their flea and tick prevention up to date (infestations cause severe itching) and carry waste bags on walks—cities like New York fine up to $250 for not cleaning up. Use positive reinforcement (a treat after a gentle brushing session) to get them comfortable with grooming, which helps distribute natural oils and remove loose fur.

Healthy skin and coat start from within. With the right diet, gentle grooming, and patience, your dog’s fur will shine, and their scratching will become a thing of the past.