Which dog breeds are most susceptible to hip dysplasia?

Any dog lover knows that a pup’s health is more than just a priority—it’s part of the bond. One condition that lingers in the back of many owners’ minds is hip dysplasia, a painful issue where the hip joint doesn’t form properly, leading to discomfort and mobility problems over time. While no breed is entirely safe, some are more genetically predisposed, and understanding which ones can make a world of difference for their care.​

Large and giant breeds often top the list, and it’s easy to see why. Their bigger frames put extra stress on developing joints, and genetics play a heavy hand here. Golden Retrievers, with their gentle nature, are unfortunately common victims; many owners notice signs like reluctance to climb stairs as they age. Labrador Retrievers, too, face similar risks—their playful energy masks discomfort until it becomes hard to ignore. German Shepherds, beloved for their loyalty and work ethic, often struggle with hip issues, which is why responsible breeders now screen for it before breeding.​

It’s not just the usual suspects, though. Rottweilers, with their muscular build, and Saint Bernards, those gentle giants, also have high rates. Even some medium breeds, like Cocker Spaniels, can develop hip dysplasia, proving it’s not strictly a size-related issue. What ties these breeds together? A genetic blueprint that makes their hip joints more likely to misalign, often worsened by factors like rapid growth from overfeeding or lack of proper exercise.​

Owners can’t change genetics, but they can influence the environment. Keeping a pup at a healthy weight is key—extra pounds add unnecessary pressure on those fragile joints. Regular, low-impact exercise, like short walks or swimming, strengthens muscles without straining hips. And yes, staying on top of vet check-ups matters. Many regions require or strongly recommend hip screenings for certain breeds, especially if you plan to breed, to keep lines healthier over time. It’s not just about following guidelines; it’s about giving your dog the best shot at a pain-free life.​

Spotting signs early can slow the condition’s progress. Watch for subtle changes: a dog that hesitates to jump onto the couch, or one that limps after a long play session. These aren’t just signs of “getting older”—they could be red flags. Catching it early means more options, from medication to physical therapy, that can keep your dog active longer.​

Breeders have a role to play too. Reputable ones will share hip scores from parent dogs, proving they’re working to reduce the risk. If you’re adopting a puppy, don’t be afraid to ask about these screenings. It’s not being picky—it’s being a responsible owner who wants their new family member to thrive.​

Your dog’s hips are the foundation of their joy—chasing a ball, greeting you at the door, curling up beside you. Whether they’re a Golden, a Shepherd, or any breed in between, paying attention to their mobility and staying proactive about their health can make all the difference. After all, a happy dog is one that can move freely, and that’s a gift worth fighting for.