At what age can you tell if a puppy has hip dysplasia?

Hip dysplasia often reveals itself gradually, but early clues can surface as young as four months. Watch how your puppy moves—stiffness after naps, reluctance to climb stairs, or a slight hop when running might hint at trouble. These aren’t just “growing pains”; they’re signals their hip joints aren’t forming smoothly. Large breeds like German Shepherds or Labradors are more prone, but no puppy is immune, regardless of size.​

By six months, a vet can spot early signs during a physical exam. They’ll check for loose joints or reduced range of motion, gently manipulating the hips to feel for instability. This exam alone isn’t definitive, but it’s a critical first step. Many breeders now screen adult dogs for dysplasia, so asking for parental health clearances can lower your puppy’s risk—wise, since some regions hold breeders accountable for genetic issues.​

Imaging tests around 12 to 18 months offer clearer answers. X-rays can show how the hip sockets and femurs are developing, though younger puppies’ bones are still growing, making results less reliable. Some vets use PennHIP evaluations, which measure joint laxity more precisely than standard X-rays. These tests aren’t cheap, but they help catch problems before pain becomes severe—a win for both you and your pup.​

Don’t ignore subtle changes in behavior. A puppy that suddenly avoids jumping onto the couch, or seems to “bunny hop” when running, might be compensating for discomfort. Overweight puppies face higher risk, so sticking to breed-specific feeding guidelines matters. Extra pounds strain developing hips, turning a mild issue into something more serious over time.​

Genetics play a big role, but environment matters too. Puppies raised on slippery floors may develop poor posture as they struggle to stay balanced, worsening joint stress. Providing a non-slip surface and limiting intense exercise (like endless fetch) until their bones mature can ease pressure. Most vets recommend short, frequent walks over long, strenuous play sessions for large-breed puppies.​

If dysplasia is confirmed, early intervention helps. Weight management, physical therapy, or anti-inflammatory meds can keep your puppy comfortable. In severe cases, surgery might be an option later in life, but many dogs thrive with conservative care. Remember, a diagnosis isn’t a death sentence—it’s a roadmap to keeping your pup active and happy for years.​

Staying proactive builds trust with your vet and protects your puppy’s quality of life. Schedule regular check-ups, mention any movement concerns promptly, and ask about breed-specific risks. Your attentiveness now can mean fewer struggles later, letting your puppy grow into a dog that loves every walk, every play session, and every chance to curl up beside you—pain-free.